Poitou Charente

Main files

• [poitou_charentes.pbf] - for osm2pgsql, Osmium, Osmosis, imposm, mkgmap, and others. This file was last modified -08 hours ago and contains all OSM data up to September 21 2023 15:22:55. File size: 173.19MB; MD5 sum: df4128c49d67fd22abe7b371dc17cbcd.

Additional Files

• [poitou_charentes.poly] - file that describes the extent of this region. About POLY format

• [poitou_charentes.geojson] - file that describes the extent of this region. About GeoJSON format

Prepared geodata of Poitou Charente in the SHP format Order for $ 20

You are getting:

• Fresh geo data from the Openstreetmap project in ESRI Shape format
• If necessary, we can provide data in the following formats: GeoPackage, GeoJSON, CSV, TAB
• Ready-made project for the QGIS 3 mapping program
• Styles for all layers
  
• 150+ icons

Sample of map

Poitou Charente map layers

Amenity (areas) 35229

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• religion — religion field value
• amenity — amenity field value
• landuse — landuse field value
• leisure — leisure field value
• sport — sport field value
• type — type field value
• way — Geometry

Amenity (points) 55202

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• religion — religion field value
• amenity — amenity field value
• landuse — landuse field value
• leisure — leisure field value
• sport — sport field value
• type — type field value
• way — Geometry

Barriers (lines) 38071

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• barrier — barrier field value
• way — Geometry

Boundary (areas) 1672

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• admin_level - Grade of administrative level
• way — Geometry
  

Boundary (lines) 8153

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• admin_level - Grade of administrative level
  
• way — Geometry

Building 2367983

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• building — building field value
• b_level — building:levels field value
• a_numb — addr:housenumber field value
• way — Geometry
  

Buildings (points) 314

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• building — building field value
• b_level — building:levels field value
• a_numb — addr:housenumber field value
• way — Geometry

Surfaces and land use 135670

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• natural — Natural field value
• landuse — Landuse field value
• wood — Wood field is not null
• leisure — Leisure field value
• way — Geometry
  

Leisure (areas) 1820

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• leisure — leisure field value
• way — Geometry

Leisure (points) 2621

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• leisure — leisure field value
• way — Geometry

Man made objects (points) 2412

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• man_made — man_made field valu
• tower_type — tower:type field value
• way — Geometry

Natural (points) 106258

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• natural — natural field value
• way — Geometry

Parking (areas) 16582

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• AMENITY — AMENITY field value
• way — Geometry

Parking (points) 17384

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• AMENITY — AMENITY field value
• way — Geometry

Places (areas) 927

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• place — place field value
• official_s — official_status field value
• POPULATION — POPULATION field value
• way — Geometry

Places (points) 41342

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• place — place field value
• official_s — official_status field value
• POPULATION — POPULATION field value
• is_capital — is_capital field value
• admin_level — Administrative grade value
• capital — capital field value
• way — Geometry

Power lines 10215

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• POWER — POWER field value
• VOLTAGE — VOLTAGE field value
• way — Geometry

Power line towers 79479

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• POWER — POWER field value
• VOLTAGE — VOLTAGE field value
• way — Geometry

Railway platforms 39

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• RAILWAY — RAILWAY field value
• way — Geometry
  

Railways 5921

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• RAILWAY — RAILWAY field value
• traction — traction field value
• service — service field value
• BRIDGE — BRIDGE field value
• TUNNEL — TUNNEL field value
• way — Geometry
  

Railways (points) 78

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• RAILWAY — RAILWAY field value
• public_transport — public_transport field value
• tram — tram field value
• station — station field value
• way — Geometry
  

Religion (areas) 1912

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• religion — religion field value
• way — Geometry

Religion (points) 1932

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• religion — religion field value
• way — Geometry

Roadside service 10

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• ref — ref field value
• HIGHWAY — HIGHWAY field value
• way — Geometry

Roads 377288

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• ref — ref field value
• HIGHWAY — HIGHWAY field value
• cycle — cycle field value
• horse — horse field value
• foot — foot field value
• lanes — lanes field value
• toll — toll field value
• width — width field value
• way — Geometry

Road infrastructure 61314

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• HIGHWAY — HIGHWAY field value
• railway — railway field value
• way — Geometry

Shop (areas) 1796

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• shop — shop field value
• way — Geometry

Shops (points) 6613

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• shop — shop field value
• way — Geometry

Sport (areas) 4646

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• sport — sport field value
• way — Geometry

Sport (points) 4926

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• sport — sport field value
• way — Geometry

Tourism (areas) 1392

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• TOURISM — TOURISM field value
• information — information field value
• historic — historic field value
• way — Geometry

Tourism (points) 5524

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• TOURISM — TOURISM field value
• information — information field value
• historic — historic field value
• way — Geometry

Routes 13079

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• ROUTE — ROUTE field value
• REF — REF field value
• OPERATOR — OPERATOR field value
• way — Geometry

Streams and ditches 39584

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• WATERWAY — WATERWAY field value
• way — Geometry

Lakes, swamps and large rivers 43890

Fields of layer:

• osm_id — ID in OSM base
• name — Local name
• name_en — Name in English
• natural — Natural field value
• landuse — Landuse field value
• water — Water field is not null
• waterway — Waterway field value
• way — Geometry
  

Coastline 1

Fields of layer:

• id — Local ID

Land border 1

Fields of layer:

• id — Local ID

Ocean border 1

Fields of layer:

• id — Local ID

Legend of map of Poitou Charente and sample project

Statistics on objects in the Poitou Charente

Boundary / Boundary (lines)

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Administrative level 4	lines	admin_level = '4'	231
Administrative level 6	lines	admin_level = '6'	527
Administrative level 8	lines	admin_level = '8'	6187
Administrative level 9	lines	admin_level = '9'	556
Administrative level 10	lines	admin_level = '10'	132

Boundary / Boundary (Polygons)

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Administrative level 4	polygons	admin_level = '4'	1
Administrative level 6	polygons	admin_level = '6'	23
Administrative level 8	polygons	admin_level = '8'	1388
Administrative level 9	polygons	admin_level = '9'	209
Administrative level 10	polygons	admin_level = '10'	20
Places	polygons	place = 'city' / place = 'town' / place = 'village' / place = 'hamlet' / place = 'locality' / place = 'suburb' / place = 'island' / place = 'farm' / place = 'isolated_dwelling'	283

Boundary of settlements and territories

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Village	polygons	place = 'village'	13
Hamlet	polygons	place = 'hamlet'	200
Locality	polygons	place = 'locality'	6
Island	polygons	place = 'island'	35
Farm	polygons	place = 'farm'	3
Isolated dwelling	polygons	place = 'isolated_dwelling'	26

Building (points)

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Building	points	building is not ''	314

Building (polygons)

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Building	polygons	building is not ''	2367983
Dominants	polygons	building = 'church' / building = 'government' / building = 'cathedral' / building = 'public' / building = 'hospital' / building = 'train_station' / building = 'chapel' / building = 'college' / building = 'university'	1887
Schools and kindergartens	polygons	building = 'school' / building = 'kindergarten'	1496
Under construction	polygons	building = 'construction'	45

Facilities and services / Facilities

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
bicycle parking	points	amenity = 'bicycle_parking'	2242
police	points	amenity = 'police'	101
fire station	points	amenity = 'fire_station'	5
post box	points	amenity = 'post_box'	1509
post office	points	amenity = 'post_office'	693
telephone	points	amenity = 'telephone'	5
library	points	amenity = 'library'	181
townhall	points	amenity = 'townhall'	608
courthouse	points	amenity = 'courthouse'	7
community centre	points	amenity = 'community_centre'	290
arts centre	points	amenity = 'arts_centre'	34
cemetery	points	amenity = 'grave_yard' / landuse = 'cemetery'	4
marketplace	points	amenity = 'marketplace'	60
recycling	points	amenity = 'recycling'	1860
university	points	amenity = 'university'	16
school	points	amenity = 'school'	389
kindergarten	points	amenity = 'kindergarten'	57
college	points	amenity = 'college'	31
pharmacy	points	amenity = 'pharmacy'	532
hospital	points	amenity = 'hospital'	7
clinic	points	amenity = 'clinic'	20
doctors	points	amenity = 'doctors'	238
dentist	points	amenity = 'dentist'	85
veterinary	points	amenity = 'veterinary'	68
theatre	points	amenity = 'theatre'	35
nightclub	points	amenity = 'nightclub'	29
cinema	points	amenity = 'cinema'	41
swimming pool	points	amenity = 'swimming_pool' / leisure = 'swimming_pool' / sport = 'swimming' / leisure = 'water_park'	112
restaurant	points	amenity = 'restaurant'	1473
fast food	points	amenity = 'fast_food'	387
cafe	points	amenity = 'cafe'	229
pub	points	amenity = 'pub'	85
bar, biergarten	points	amenity = 'bar' / amenity = 'biergarten'	476
food court	points	amenity = 'food_court'	4
shelter	points	amenity = 'shelter'	268
car rental	points	amenity = 'car_rental'	36
car wash	points	amenity = 'car_wash'	111
car sharing	points	amenity = 'car_sharing'	4
bicycle rental	points	amenity = 'bicycle_rental'	156
bank	points	amenity = 'bank'	409
atm	points	amenity = 'atm'	228
toilets	points	amenity = 'toilets'	855
bench	points	amenity = 'bench'	5082
drinking water	points	amenity = 'drinking_water'	225
fuel	points	amenity = 'fuel'	243
bus station	points/polygons	amenity = 'bus_station'	6
taxi	points/polygons	amenity = 'taxi'	27
ferry terminal	points/polygons	amenity = 'ferry_terminal'	11

Facilities and Services / Places of Worship

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Christian churches	points	amenity = 'place_of_worship' + religion = 'christian'	15
Mosque	points	amenity = 'place_of_worship' + religion = 'muslim'	1

Facilities and services / Recreation

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
fishing	points	leisure = 'fishing'	180
playground	points/polygons	leisure = 'playground'	335
sports centre	points/polygons	leisure = 'sports_centre'	108
stadium	points/polygons	leisure = 'stadium'	1
track	points	leisure = 'track'	5
ice rink	points/polygons	leisure = 'ice_rink'	2
marina	points	leisure = 'marina'	12
slipway	points	leisure = 'slipway'	154
dog park	points	leisure = 'dog_park'	1
golf course	points	leisure = 'golf_course'	2

Facilities and Services / Shops and Services

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
supermarket, general	points	shop = 'supermarket' / shop = 'general'	205
bakery	points	shop = 'bakery'	672
kiosk	points	shop = 'kiosk'	27
mall	points	shop = 'mall'	6
department store	points	shop = 'department_store'	3
convenience	points	shop = 'convenience'	364
clothes	points	shop = 'clothes'	672
florist	points	shop = 'florist'	140
chemist	points	shop = 'chemist'	13
books	points	shop = 'books'	70
butcher	points	shop = 'butcher'	229
shoes	points	shop = 'shoes'	98
alcohol, beverages	points	shop = 'alcohol' / shop = 'beverages'	96
optician	points	shop = 'optician'	164
jewelry	points	shop = 'jewelry'	92
gift	points	shop = 'gift'	82
sports	points	shop = 'sports'	47
stationery	points	shop = 'stationery'	25
outdoor	points	shop = 'outdoor'	7
mobile phone	points	shop = 'mobile_phone'	36
toys	points	shop = 'toys'	28
newsagent	points	shop = 'newsagent'	112
greengrocer	points	shop = 'greengrocer'	67
beauty	points	shop = 'beauty'	175
video	points	shop = 'video'	1
car	points	shop = 'car'	131
bicycle	points	shop = 'bicycle'	62
doityourself, hardwar	points	shop = 'doityourself' / shop = 'hardware'	75
furniture	points	shop = 'furniture'	104
computer	points	shop = 'computer'	52
garden centre	points	shop = 'garden_centre'	53
hairdresser	points	shop = 'hairdresser'	618
car repair	points	shop = 'car_repair'	291

Facilities and services / Sports facilities

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Bowling	points	sport = '10pin' / sport = 'bowling'	3
athletics	points	sport = 'athletics'	6
basketball	points	sport = 'basketball'	6
canoe	points	sport = 'canoe'	11
fitness	points	sport = 'fitness'	68
gymnastics	points	sport = 'gymnastics'	4
motor	points	sport = 'motor'	1
shooting	points	sport = 'shooting'	6
skating	points	sport = 'skating'	1
skiing	points	sport = 'skiing'	1
soccer	points	sport = 'soccer'	3
swimming	points	sport = 'swimming'	24
table tennis	points	sport = 'table_tennis'	88
tennis	points	sport = 'tennis'	8
volleyball	points	sport = 'volleyball'	1

Facilities and services / Tourist facilities

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
artwork	points/polygons	tourism = 'artwork'	287
attraction	points/polygons	tourism = 'attraction'	218
camp site	points/polygons	tourism = 'camp_site'	81
caravan site	points/polygons	tourism = 'caravan_site'	52
guest house	points/polygons	tourism = 'guest_house'	152
hostel	points/polygons	tourism = 'hostel'	4
hotel	points	tourism = 'hotel'	261
information	points/polygons	tourism = 'information'	1228
motel	points/polygons	tourism = 'motel'	1
museum	points/polygons	tourism = 'museum'	68
picnic site	points	tourism = 'picnic_site'	470
theme park	points/polygons	tourism = 'theme_park'	5
viewpoint	points	tourism = 'viewpoint'	209
zoo	points/polygons	tourism = 'zoo'	6
chalet	points/polygons	tourism = 'chalet'	52
yes	points	tourism = 'yes'	8
map	points	information = 'map'	248
board	points	information = 'board'	508
guidepost	points	information = 'guidepost'	333
monument	points	historic = 'monument'	129
memorial	points	historic = 'memorial'	861
apartment	points	tourism = 'apartment'	14
gallery	points	tourism = 'gallery'	25
wilderness hut	points	tourism = 'wilderness_hut'	1

Ground surface

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Coastlines	lines		1
Water surface	polygons		1
Land boundaries	polygons		1

Hydrography / Lakes, large rivers, swamps

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Lakes and large rivers	polygons	natural = 'water' / waterway = 'riverbank'	42855
Wetland	polygons	natural = 'wetland'	446
water' and water not	polygons	natural = 'water' + water is not 'river' + water is not 'reservoir'	9948

Hydrography / Rivers, streams, canals

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Canal	lines	waterway = 'canal'	1708
Drain	lines	waterway = 'drain'	4781
River	lines	waterway = 'river'	2846
Stream	lines	waterway = 'stream'	11445
Others	lines	waterway is not ''	39584

Infrastructure / Fences

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Fence	lines	barrier = 'fence'	10425
Wall	lines	barrier = 'wall'	27646

Infrastructure / Man-made objects

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Tower	points	man_made = 'tower'	190
Cell tower	points	man_made = 'tower' + tower:type = 'communication'	55
Water tower	points	man_made = 'water_tower'	136
Lookout tower	points	man_made = 'tower' + tower:type = 'observation'	4
Lighthouse	points	man_made = 'lighthouse'	9
Water well	points	man_made = 'water_well'	2014
Watermill	points	man_made = 'watermill'	21

Infrastructure / Power lines

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Power lines	lines	power is not ''	11983

Infrastructure / Towers Power lines

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Towers Power lines	points	power is not ''	82578

Natural objects

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Spring	points	natural = 'spring'	285
Peak	points	natural = 'peak'	37
Tree	points	natural = 'tree'	105647
Cave entrance	points	natural = 'cave_entrance'	289

Settlements

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
City	points	place = 'city'	2
Town	points	place = 'town'	15
Village	points	place = 'village'	1619
Hamlet	points	place = 'hamlet'	11655
Hamlet	points	place = 'locality'	18588

Surfaces and land use

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Allotments	polygons	landuse = 'allotments'	1227
Basin	polygons	landuse = 'basin'	4202
Brownfield	polygons	landuse = 'brownfield'	92
Cemetery	polygons	landuse = 'cemetery'	1834
Commercial	polygons	landuse = 'commercial'	85
Construction	polygons	landuse = 'construction'	127
Farm, farmland	polygons	landuse = 'farm' / landuse = 'farmland'	9986
Farmyard	polygons	landuse = 'farmyard'	1720
Forest	polygons	landuse = 'forest' / landuse = 'natural'	28009
Garages	polygons	landuse = 'garages'	20
Grass	polygons	landuse = 'grass'	12409
Greenfield	polygons	landuse = 'greenfield'	92
Industrial	polygons	landuse = 'industrial'	1066
Landfill	polygons	landuse = 'landfill'	132
Meadow	polygons	landuse = 'meadow'	12592
Quarry	polygons	landuse = 'quarry'	191
Railway	polygons	landuse = 'railway'	88
Recreation ground	polygons	landuse = 'recreation_ground'	117
Reservoir	polygons	landuse = 'reservoir'	341
Residential	polygons	landuse = 'residential'	8204
Retail	polygons	landuse = 'retail'	287
Salt pond	polygons	landuse = 'salt_pond'	1331
Village green	polygons	landuse = 'village_green'	162
Vineyard	polygons	landuse = 'vineyard'	4820
Plant nursery	polygons	landuse = 'plant_nursery'	93
Education	polygons	landuse = 'education'	16
Park	polygons	leisure = 'park'	1011
Beach	polygons	natural = 'beach'	218
Fell	polygons	natural = 'fell'	31
Grassland	polygons	natural = 'grassland'	413
Heath	polygons	natural = 'heath'	388
Sand	polygons	natural = 'sand'	640
Scrub	polygons	natural = 'scrub'	2350

Territories of services and services / Facilities

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Amenity	polygons	amenity is not ''	27426

Territories of services and services / Recreation

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Leisure	polygons	leisure is not ''	36391

Territories of services and services / Religious objects

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Place of worship	polygons	amenity = 'place_of_worship'	1912
Place of worship	polygons	amenity = 'place_of_worship'	1912

Territories of services and services / Shops and services

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Shop	polygons	shop is not ''	2428

Territories of services and services / Sports facilities

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Sport	polygons	sport is not ''	5901

Territories of services and services / Tourist objects

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Tourism	polygons	tourism is not ''	1312

Transport / Parking

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
parking	polygons	amenity = 'parking'	16582

Transport / Public transport routes

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
bus, tram, trolleybus	lines	route = 'bus' / route = 'trolleybus' / route = 'tram' / route = 'share_taxi'	12742
train	lines	route = 'train'	305
ferry	lines	route = 'ferry'	32

Transport / Railway platforms

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Platform	polygons	railway = 'platform'	39

Transport / Railways

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Abandoned	lines	railway = 'abandoned'	2820
Light rail	lines	railway = 'light_rail'	3
Narrow gauge	lines	railway = 'narrow_gauge'	33
Platform	lines	railway = 'platform'	71
Railway	lines	railway = 'rail' + service is null	1784
Service railway	lines	railway = 'rail' + service is not null	1196
tram	lines	railway = 'tram'	14

Transport / Road

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Trunk	lines	highway = 'trunk' / highway = 'trunk_link'	1934
Primary	lines	highway = 'primary' / highway = 'primary_link'	9140
Secondary	lines	highway = 'secondary' / highway = 'secondary_link'	14250
Tertiary	lines	highway = 'tertiary' / highway = 'tertiary_link'	24576
Unclassified	lines	highway = 'unclassified'	57563
Residential	lines	highway = 'residential'	66718
Service	lines	highway = 'service'	93261
Footway	lines	highway = 'footway' / highway = 'path' + foot = 'designated'	32464
Construction	lines	highway = 'construction'	165
Road	lines	highway = 'road'	111
Cycleway	lines	highway = 'cycleway' / highway = 'path' + cycle = 'designated'	2351
Living street	lines	highway = 'living_street'	1296
Pedestrian	lines	highway = 'pedestrian'	1022
Steps	lines	highway = 'steps'	2329
Track	lines	highway = 'track'	69061
Bridleway	lines	highway = 'bridleway' / highway = 'path' + horse = 'designated'	106
Raceway	lines	highway = 'raceway'	100

Transport / Road infrastructure

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Crossing	points	highway = 'crossing' / railway = 'level_crossing'	30579
Traffic signals	points	highway = 'traffic_signals'	1213
Mini roundabout	points	highway = 'mini_roundabout'	715
Stop	points	highway = 'stop'	19617
Speed camera	points	highway = 'speed_camera'	155
Street lamp	points	highway = 'street_lamp'	2429
Bus stop	points	highway = 'bus_stop'	6606

Transport / Roadside service

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
services	polygons	highway = 'services'	10

Transport / Squares

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
square	polygons	place = 'square'	644

Transport / Stations and platforms

Name	Type	OSM Tag	Count
Station	points	railway = 'station'	59
Halt	points	railway = 'halt'	19